Surge inoreva kukwirira kwepakarepo kupfuura kugadzikana, kusanganisira surge voltages uye surge currents. Kuwedzera kwemagetsi emagetsi masisitimu anonyanya kubva kune zvikonzero zviviri: zvekunze (zvikonzero zvemheni) uye zvemukati (magetsi emagetsi anotanga nekumira, nezvimwewo). Hunhu hwekuvhiya kazhinji hupfupi kwazvo. Iyo overvoltage inokonzerwa nemheni kazhinji iri muiyo micro-second level, iyo overvoltage inokonzerwa nemagetsi emagetsi kazhinji iri mumamilliseconds, asi instantaneous voltage uye ikozvino yakakura zvakanyanya, uye inogona zvakanyanya kushandisa magetsi emagetsi uye Iyo tambo inokuvadza, saka muchengeti wekuvhiya anodiwa kuti avadzivirire. Surge mudziviriri, zita reChirungu Surge Protective Device, inodaidzwa kuti SPD, chishandiso chemagetsi chekupa chengetedzo yemhando dzakasiyana dzemagetsi, zviridzwa, uye mitsara yekutaurirana, kunyanya kudzikamisa overvoltage uye kubuda ropa kuvhiya mafungu. Iyo yekuvhiya inodzivirira inowanzoenderana nemidziyo yakadzivirirwa. Kana iyo overvoltage yagadzirwa, inogona kuita sekupatsanurwa uye kudzvanywa kwevoltage. Dzivirira mafungu akawandisa kubva mukukuvadza kune mudziyo. Izvo zvikamu zvakakosha zvekudzivirira kwekudzivirira chikamu chisina mutsara mukati. Zvinoenderana neakasiyana asiri emutsetse ezvikamu, iyo inodzivirira yekudzivirira inogona kukamurwa kuita shanduko yemhando (yakakosha chinhu chinonyanya kuburitswa) uye inodzivirirwa kudzvanywa mhando (iyo yakakosha chinhu chinonyanya kudzvinyirira kurwisa). Kunyange zvazvo gaka rekubuda uye musimboti wekushanda wekupikiswa kwekumanikidzwa kwakasiyana, maitiro ekutanga akafanana zvakanyanya: kana pasina overvoltage, impedance yavo yakakwira zvakanyanya, kazhinji megapometh, inenge yakaenzana nekudimburwa. Kana overvoltage ikaitika, iyo impedance inokurumidza kudonhedzwa kune akati wandei kuEurope. Iyo yekuvhiya yazvino ichayerera ichipinda muvhu kuburikidza nemudziviriri wekuvhiya, uye haizopinde mumidziyo, uye nekuti iyo impedance yemudziviriri wekuvhiya idiki, maviri ayo Iwo magetsi emagetsi idiki zvakare, uye nekuda kwekufanana kweake uye akadzivirirwa michina. , ichadzivirira chigadziro kuti chisamirire mhepo huru yekuwedzera. Nenzira iyi, iyo effluent uye yakaganhurirwa mhedzisiro inoridzwa.